Churn



J. P. BEARD.

(No Model.)

GHURN.

No. 326,936. Patented Sept. 29,1885.

l INVEJVTR {lor/Ley;

WITWESSEIS l WCA' UNITED STATES PATENT Ori-TCE.

JAMES P. BEARD, OF GADSDEN, ALABAMA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,936, datedSeptember29, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. P. BEARD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Gadsden, in the county of Etowah and State of Alabama, haveinvented a new and useful Ghurn, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

lWIy invention relates to churns; and the novelty consists in theconstruction, arrangement, and adaptation of parts, as will be morefully hereinafter set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

The richest portions of milk are lightest in gravity and seek the top ofthe body. My invention seeks to give to this portion the most violentagitation, but to apply this agitation beneath the surface by providingcounter eddies. It also provides that these eddies shall cover such anarea at the top that the dashing milk will be impelled away from thejournals of the dasher-shaft.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure lis a perspective view of one of my churns; Fig. 2, a verticalsection, and Fig. 3 a detail view of the dasher.

Referring to the drawings, A designates lthe main frame, upon the base cof which is secured by bracket c the churn-body or milkreceptacle D.This receptacle D has a closefitting cover, E, of sheet metal, and thiscover, E, by spinning or otherwise, is formed with two socket-bearings,e, the upper portions of which comprise cups or depressions e4, to holdany milk that may be forced up through the journals e', and allow it togravitate therefrom as soon as possible without running over the face ofthe cover. The sockets e receive and furnish bearings for the shafts eof the dasher, and are, preferably, two in number, located at asufficient distance apart and from the ends of the receptacle to allowthe milk to be agitated into two eddies revolving in the same direction.

The cover thus formed is easily and cheaply made, and forms an importantfeature of the invention by reason of its relation to the pe` culiardasher to be described.

The dasherse are formed with arms E of bent wire or rods,forming loops,both ends of which are secured in the dasher-shaft. They surround thedasher in two series, the upper series, e5, extending farther outward,and the lower series, es, interlocking therewith to form a greaternumber of arms at the center.

The upper en ds of the dashers are j ournaled in the cross-bar e2 of themain frame, and they are both revolved in the same direction bybelt-connections c d, from a common shaft.

The centrifugal motion derived from the dashers forms two eddies in thereceptacle D, whichserve to lower the surface of the milk around thedasher-shafts e away from the journal sockets e, and to pile the milkupin the ends and middle of the receptacle. In the latter portion theeddies meet. This centrifugal force serves to a degree to throw theheavier portions of the milk outward and induce the richer portions to alower level to receive the beating of the arms. The heavier portionsdashing from the ends and center force the rich milk away from theconcave of the eddies, from whence it arises to the surface again toseek the centers of the eddies and receive the action of the multipliedarms.

Any milk that may be forced through the journals e is held by the cupse4, until the force is spent, and it is allowed to gravitate again tothe receptacle.

The important features of this invention rests in the construction andarrangement of the dashers in their relation to the peculiar cover andthe milk receptacle,as shown. The longer arms being uppermost serve toinduce the eddies mentioned, and the multiplicity of arms at the centerserve to afford the greatest agitation below the surface and distantfrom the shaft-journals c.

I am aware that churn-dashershave been made with bent metal or otherrods; but I am not aware that such loops have been made of differentsizes for the purposes described, or that different sized loops havebeen arranged to interlock.

I am aware that depending sockets have been made in churn-covers, butnot that such sockets have been formed with retaining-cups, as e", toserve with a dasher as described.

Vhat I claim as new is- 1. In a churn, substantially as described, achurn-dasher consisting of a shaft, e', and bent loops e5 e, the loopse5 being larger than theA In testimony that I claim the foregoing asloops e6, and the latter interlocking withthe my own I have heretoaffixed my signature former, as and for the purpose set forth. in thepresence of two Witnesses.

2. In a churn, as described, the combina- 5 tion, with the receptacle D,having seats for his two dashers, the cover E, having depending JAMES P.BEARD. dasher-sockets e, with oups e4, and the dashers mm having loopedarms e5 and e,interlooking with each other, and the former of greaterdimen- Witnesses: 1o sions than the latter, and adapted to excite J. H.JONES,

an eddy, as described, the whole arranged as J o. S. DAY.

and for the purposes set forth.

